Creating Knowledge
Nonaka, Toyama, & Konno (2000) framed a knowledge creation model consisting of three elements: SECI process, ba (place), and knowledge assets. The SECI process converts tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Ba, place, is the shared context for knowledge creation. Knowledge assets are used in the process when creating knowledge – the inputs, outputs, and process moderator.
Figure 3. Three elements of the knowledge creating process
(Nonaka, Toyama, & Konno, 2000, p. 8)
The SECI process converts knowledge through explicit and tacit knowledge interactions. Tacit to tacit conversions are the result of socialization interactions. Tacit to explicit conversions are the result of externalization interactions. Explicit to explicit conversions are the result of combination interactions. Explicit to tacit conversions are the result of internalization interactions. The four conversion methods dynamically create new knowledge.
Figure 4. SECI process
(Nonaka, Toyama, & Konno, 2000, p. 12)
Knowledge creation isn’t linear or circular, it’s spiral.
“Knowledge needs a context to be created (Nonaka, Toyama, & Konno, 2000, p. 13).” The ba – space, time, and place - offers a shared context-specific knowledge-creating place where participants can interact with one another. According to Nonaka et al. “there is no creation [of knowledge] without place” (p. 14).
Figure 5. Ba and Knowledge Creation
(Nonaka, Toyama, & Konno, 2000, p. 14)
Knowledge assets are at the bottom of the knowledge-creation process. Knowledge assets are the inputs, outputs, and moderating factors of the creation process, the resources the firm uses to create a learning culture. Nonaka, Toyama,& Konno (2000) broke the assets into four categories: experiential assets, conceptual, systemic, and routine.
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